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目的了解布鲁杆菌病疑似感染人群的流行病学特征,探讨其可能的影响因素,为该人群的病因预防和人群干预提供数据资料。方法收集吉林省松原市疾病预防控制中心布病门诊2010-2012年就诊的布病疑似感染人群及阴性人群病历资料,采用SPSS 21.0统计软件进行数据分析,单因素分析采用χ2检验,多因素分析采用二元Logistic回归。结果布病疑似感染者平均年龄为42.65±12.36岁,41~60岁人数所占比例最高(54.65%);男女性别比为2.32:1;民族以汉族人口为主,占94.80%;职业方面以农牧民居多,占91.82%;文化程度以小学学历为主(67.66%);动物接触史方面以接触牛者居多(62.08%),接触因子主要为疫畜流产物(41.26%),接触途径主要为通过皮肤黏膜接触(82.53%);经多因素分析,影响布病疑似感染的因素有家住农村(OR=3.520,P=0.004)、牛接触史(OR=173.568,P=0.000)和疫畜流产物(OR=2.050,P=0.000)。结论男性青壮年农牧民是布病疑似感染的主要人群,文化程度偏低,家住农村、接触牛和疫畜流产物是布病疑似感染的危险因素。
Objective To understand the epidemiological characteristics of brucellosis suspicious individuals and to explore the possible influencing factors, and to provide data for the prevention and intervention of this population. Methods The medical records of suspected cases of brucellosis and negative population were collected from the Closure Clinic of Songyuan CDC in Jilin Province from 2010 to 2012. SPSS 21.0 statistical software was used to analyze the data. The univariate analysis was performed using χ2 test. Multivariate analysis Binary Logistic Regression. Results The average age of patients with suspected brucellosis was 42.65 ± 12.36 years old, with the highest percentage being 41-60 years old (54.65%); the sex ratio of men and women was 2.32: 1; ethnic Han people mainly accounted for 94.80% of the total population; The majority of herdsmen and peasants and herdsmen live in 91.82% of the population. The educational level is mainly primary education (67.66%). The exposure history of animals is mostly cattle (62.08%), and the contact factors are mainly epidemic livestock products (41.26%), (82.53%). The multivariate analysis showed that the factors that affected the suspicion of brucellosis were rural living (OR = 3.520, P = 0.004), history of exposure to cattle (OR = 173.568, P = 0.000) Livestream product (OR = 2.050, P = 0.000). Conclusions Male and female peasants and herdsmen are the main population suspected to be infected with brucellosis. The education level is low, they live in the rural areas, and the exposure to cattle and livestock products is the risk factor for suspected brucellosis.