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目的通过检测杀虫剂抗性基因频率对广西壮族自治区北海市家蝇的抗药性现状进行分析,为该地区家蝇的防治提供依据。方法通过限制性片段长度多态性聚合酶链反应方法对野外采集家蝇的细胞色素P450 CYP6D1基因、钠离子通道基因(Vssc)和乙酰胆碱酯酶(AChE)基因(ace)进行分型,统计其基因型频率。结果北海市的63只家蝇样本经过检测,未发现CYP6D1抗性纯合个体,而敏感纯合个体所占比例高达96.83%(61/63),杂合个体频率为3.17%(2/63),CYP6D1抗性等位基因频率仅为1.59%。在同一样本中,检测到Vssc杂合子(1014L/F)的基因频率为6.35%(4/63),敏感纯合子(1014L/L)的个体基因频率高达93.65%(59/63),未发现1014F的纯合个体及1014H突变个体。在北海市的38只家蝇样本中,检测到342G/A和342A/V两种AChE基因型个体,其频率分别为5.26%和94.74%,抗性等位基因频率总和(342A+342V)高达97.37%。结论北海市家蝇样本中的CYP6D1和Vssc抗性等位基因频率均较低,而AChE抗性等位基因频率极高,提示目前北海市可使用拟除虫菊酯类杀虫剂防治家蝇;同时在该地区减少使用有机磷和氨基甲酸酯类杀虫剂进行灭蝇,避免家蝇种群抗性基因频率继续升高,以延缓抗性的发展。
Objective To analyze the resistance status of housefly in Beihai, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region by detecting the frequency of insecticide resistance gene, and to provide basis for the prevention and control of housefly in this area. Methods The cytochrome P450 CYP6D1 gene, sodium channel gene (Vssc) and AChE gene (ace) were detected by restriction fragment length polymorphism Genotype frequency. Results Sixty-three Musca domestica samples from Beihai were detected and no CYP6D1-resistant homozygous individuals were found. The percentage of susceptible homozygotes was 96.83% (61/63) and that of heterozygous individuals was 3.17% (2/63) , CYP6D1 resistance allele frequency was only 1.59%. In the same sample, the gene frequency of the heterozygous Vssc (1014L / F) was 6.35% (4/63), and the frequency of the individual allele of the sensitive homozygote (1014L / L) was as high as 93.65% (59/63) 1014F homozygous individuals and 1014H mutant individuals. In 38 housefly samples of Beihai City, 342H and 342A / V AChE genotypes were detected with frequency of 5.26% and 94.74%, respectively. The frequency of resistant alleles (342A + 342V) was up to 97.37%. Conclusion The frequencies of the CYP6D1 and Vssc resistance alleles in housefly samples in Beihai were lower and the frequency of AChE resistance alleles was extremely high, which suggested that pyrethroid insecticides could be used to control housefly in Beihai at the same time. Reduce the use of organophosphorus and carbamate insecticides in the area to kill flies and prevent the frequency of resistance genes in housefly populations from continuing to increase, thereby retarding the development of resistance.