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目的对2012年广州市哨点企业有毒化学品事故应急管理现状进行分析并探讨相关对策,为预防有毒化学品事故提供科学依据。方法以分层抽样法抽取《职业病危害申报系统》中176家哨点企业为研究对象,根据AQ/T 9006—2010《企业安全生产标准化基本规范》中有关要求,对企业有毒化学品事故应急管理现状进行分析。结果哨点企业在有毒化学品监测管理、高毒工作场所防护管理、职业健康检查、职业卫生与职业健康档案管理、安全技术培训、个人防护用品发放、职业健康培训制度和安全操作规程等方面仍存在不足,缺失率分别为53.1%、49.3%、37.2%、36.2%、34.0%、26.7%、26.1%和25.3%。结论建议强化监督执法,加强政府对企业应急预案培训,给予适当的政策优惠,以提高生产企业对有毒化学品事故的应急管理能力。
Objective To analyze and discuss the current situation of emergency management of toxic chemicals in sentinel enterprises in Guangzhou in 2012 and provide scientific basis for the prevention of toxic chemical accidents. Methods A total of 176 sentinel enterprises in Occupational Disease Hazard Reporting System were selected by stratified sampling method. According to the requirements in AQ / T 9006-2010, “Basic Norms of Enterprise Safety Production”, the emergency management of enterprises’ toxic chemical accidents Status analysis. Results Sentinel enterprises were still in the areas of toxic chemicals monitoring and management, highly toxic workplace protection management, occupational health examination, occupational health and occupational health records management, safety technical training, personal protective equipment distribution, occupational health training system and safe operation procedures The deficiencies were 53.1%, 49.3%, 37.2%, 36.2%, 34.0%, 26.7%, 26.1% and 25.3% respectively. Conclusion It is suggested to strengthen supervision and law enforcement, strengthen government training on contingency plans for enterprises and give appropriate preferential policies to improve the emergency management capabilities of manufacturing enterprises for toxic chemical accidents.