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人微小病毒B19(HPV-B19)是小线性单链DNA病毒,对红系祖细胞有毒性。50%的妊娠妇女因缺乏IgG抗体而成为该病毒易感者。妊娠妇女感染后可导致不良妊娠结局。诊断HPV-B19感染主要依靠血清学抗体检测,而聚合酶链反应(PCR)测定HPV-B19 DNA是极为敏感的诊断方法,胎儿超声和大脑中动脉收缩期峰值血流速度(MCA-PSV)的测定为非侵入性诊断胎儿贫血和水肿的有效手段。目前对HPV-B19急性感染无特殊治疗方案,但早期诊断和及时宫内治疗对阻止胎儿并发症发生有重要意义。宫内输血是目前唯一能够缓解胎儿贫血程度的有效方法。易感妊娠妇女向专家咨询可减少胎儿死亡概率。临近分娩期者可考虑尽快分娩以减少胎儿风险。疫苗对血清抗体阴性的生育妇女有重要作用。
Human Parvovirus B19 (HPV-B19) is a small linear single-stranded DNA virus that is toxic to erythroid progenitor cells. Fifty percent of pregnant women become susceptible to the virus due to the lack of IgG antibodies. Infection in pregnant women can lead to adverse pregnancy outcomes. Diagnosis of HPV-B19 infection depends mainly on serological antibody testing, and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) detection of HPV-B19 DNA is an extremely sensitive diagnostic method. Fetal and middle cerebral artery systolic peak flow velocities (MCA-PSV) Determination of non-invasive diagnosis of fetal anemia and edema an effective means. At present, there is no special treatment for acute infection of HPV-B19, but early diagnosis and timely intrauterine treatment are of great significance to prevent the occurrence of fetal complications. Intrauterine blood transfusion is the only effective way to alleviate the degree of fetal anemia. Women who are susceptible to pregnancy consult an expert to reduce the probability of fetal death. Proximate childbirth may consider delivery as soon as possible to reduce the risk of fetal. Vaccines have an important effect on serum antibody negative fertile women.