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海员是一个特殊的职业群体,是指从事海上航运职业的工作人员。其长期工作、生活在相对封闭的船舶中,处于高风险、高强度的工作环境,不仅对海员的生理健康造成影响,亦对其心理健康产生负面作用。海员心理疾患导致的航运安全事故正呈上升趋势,海员心理健康对船舶安全的影响已引起国家管理部门和航运企业的高度重视。本文搜集了近20余年国内对海员心理研究的文献材料作综合述评,并提出进一步研究的思路,以期为后续深入研究提供参考。
The seafarer is a special occupational group and refers to the staff engaged in the maritime shipping profession. Its long-term working life in a relatively closed vessel is at a high-risk and high-intensity working environment. It not only affects the physiological health of seafarers, but also has a negative impact on their mental health. Maritime accidents caused by mental illness of seafarers are on the rise. The impact of mental health of seafarers on the safety of ships has drawn great attention from state administration and shipping enterprises. This paper collects the domestic literature and materials on seafarers’ psychological research in the recent 20 years for a comprehensive review and puts forward some ideas for further research so as to provide reference for further research.