论文部分内容阅读
“公益捐献”制,又译为“义务捐献”制,也称社会捐.它是雅典城邦发展过程中一项重要制度,是指富有公民以尽社会义务的方式,承担国家的一部分开支.“公益捐献”是雅典国家的税收来源之一.据现有材料记载,雅典富有公民的“公益捐献”开始于公元前502年.公元前5—前4世纪,雅典富有公民的“公益捐献”项目屡有变动,而且每个项目所需款项相差悬殊.花钱最多而且又是经常的“公益捐献”项目有两类.一类与战争有关,如承担建造和装备军舰等费用.以尽社会义务的方式建造和装备军舰开始于公元前483年,当时的执政官是特米斯托克列斯(约公元前528—前462年).为了对付波斯海军,他把罗立温银矿收入的100塔兰特(每塔兰特重约26.2公斤)分给雅典100名最富有的公民,每人一个塔兰特,责成他们每人建造一艘三列桨战舰,不足的款项就由他们自己补足.公元前480
It is also an important system in the process of the development of the city-state in Athens, and it refers to a process in which rich citizens make up part of the state’s expenses in a socially responsible manner. According to the available material records, the “charity donation” of wealthy citizens of Athens began in 502 BC From the 5th to the 4th centuries BC, the rich citizens’ charity donation project in Athens Often changing, and the difference between the needs of each project.Most and often spend the most “commonweal donation” There are two types of projects, one related to the war, such as undertaking the construction and equipping warships and other expenses in order to fulfill their social obligations The construction and equipping of the warship began in 483 BC when the archon was Temis Stockel (528 BC-462 BC). In response to the Persian navy he put the 100 tower The rand, which weighs about 26.2 kilos per Tarrant, gives 100 of the richest citizens in Athens, one Tarrant per person, and instructs each of them to build a three-row paddle battleship. The deficit is made up by themselves. 480 BC