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利用高产早籼嘉育253和高产抗稻瘟病早籼品种中组3号为亲本,采用分离世代全程自然病圃鉴定结合稻瘟病混合菌株人工接种抗性筛选方法,通过系谱法和产量比较试验,最终选育获得高产抗稻瘟病早籼稻新品种中早39。对超级早籼稻品种中早39及其系谱亲本嘉育253和中组3号进行产量相关性状、光合特性、叶面积指数和光合色素含量等测定和比较分析,发现中早39的每穗总粒数和结实率优于其系谱亲本,库容优势明显;中早39在齐穗后保持最高的净光合速率,其叶面积指数和各光合色素含量也一直优于系谱亲本;因此,中早39具有超高产光合生理特性。育种初期选用了高产亲本,且中早39比其系谱亲本具有更优的光合生理特性,说明水稻高产育种中优良性状的整合;中早39超高产优势来自于品种选育过程中源库的优化、株叶形态的改善;本研究为水稻高产育种提供了参考信息。
Using high yielding early indica Jiayou 253 and early indica rice variety Zhongmai 3 with high yield and high yield as the parents, we used the method of artificial inoculation screening of mixed inoculation with blast isolates in the whole natural nursery of China for generations. Through the pedigree method and yield comparison experiment, The final breeding of early indica rice with high yield and blast resistance was 39. The yield-related traits, photosynthetic characteristics, leaf area index and photosynthetic pigment content of early indica rice variety 39 and their pedigree parents Jiayu 253 and Zhongti 3 were measured and compared. The number and seed setting rate were superior to those of pedigree parents, and the storage capacity had obvious advantages. The mid-morning 39 maintained the highest net photosynthetic rate after heading, and its leaf area index and photosynthetic pigment content also consistently outweighed the pedigree parents. Therefore, Super high yield photosynthetic physiological characteristics. High-yielding parents were selected early in breeding and the photosynthetic characteristics of mid-early-early 39 were better than their pedigree parents, indicating the integration of excellent traits in high-yielding rice. The superiority of mid-early high-yielding was derived from the optimization of source stocks , Plant morphology improved; this study provides a reference for high-yielding rice breeding.