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目的 比较汽油燃烧汽车尾气 (简称汽油尾气 )和甲醇燃烧汽车尾气 (简称甲醇尾气 )的遗传毒性。方法 采用 MTT法测试受试物对 A5 4 9细胞的毒性作用 ,选择无明显细胞毒性的浓度作为受试物的最高浓度 ,用A5 4 9细胞体外微核试验和单细胞凝胶电泳试验 (彗星试验 )对汽油尾气和甲醇尾气的遗传毒性进行比较研究。结果 受试物与靶细胞作用 2 h或 2 4 h,均以汽油尾气对 A5 4 9细胞的毒性大于甲醇尾气。汽油尾气终浓度为 0 .0 2 5L/ ml时即可诱导 A5 4 9细胞微核增加 ,并呈现良好的剂量效应关系 ,而甲醇尾气在试验浓度下均不具有诱导 A5 4 9细胞微核增加的作用。在单细胞凝胶电泳试验中 ,汽油尾气具有诱导 A5 4 9细胞 DNA损伤的作用 ,其拖尾率和DNA迁移长度均随浓度的增加而增加 ,而甲醇尾气不具有诱导 A5 4 9细胞 DNA损伤的作用。结论 汽油尾气可以诱导染色体和 DNA损伤 ,具有明显的遗传毒性 ,而甲醇尾气在两个试验中均未检测出潜在的遗传毒性。
Objective To compare the genotoxicity of gasoline combustion vehicle exhaust (referred to as gasoline exhaust) and methanol combustion vehicle exhaust (referred to as methanol exhaust). Methods MTT assay was used to test the cytotoxicity of A549 cells. A549 cells were selected as the highest concentration of the test substance. The in vitro micronucleus test of A549 cells and single cell gel electrophoresis (Comet Test) on the genotoxicity of gasoline tail gas and methanol tail gas comparative study. The results of the target substance and target cells 2 h or 24 h, both gasoline tail gas A549 cell toxicity than methanol tail gas. When the final concentration of gasoline tail gas was0.025L / ml, the micronuclei of A549 cells could be induced to increase, which showed a good dose-effect relationship. However, methanol tail gas did not induce micronucleus increase of A549 cells at the test concentration Role. In single-cell gel electrophoresis, gasoline tail gas could induce the DNA damage in A549 cells. The tailing rate and DNA migration length increased with increasing concentration, while methanol tail gas did not induce DNA damage in A549 cells Role. Conclusions Gasoline tail gas can induce chromosome and DNA damage with obvious genotoxicity. However, methanol tail gas did not detect any potential genotoxicity in either of the two experiments.