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一、前言煤矿中发生的冒顶事故是井下进行安全生产的大敌。根据多年来世界各主要产煤国家的统计资料,在煤矿井下事故中,顶板冒落事故一直占有很大的比重。这种事故与井下的水、火、瓦斯、煤尘等事故所造成的后果相比,特点是:事故的规模及其影响范围一般较小,然而事故发生的频率高,故累计起来,则不论是事故的次数及其对人员伤害总数所占的比例,都比其他各种事故为大。例如美、英、法、西德、波兰、加拿大、比利时、
I. INTRODUCTION The roof accident in coal mines is the enemy of safe production in the underground. According to statistics of major coal-producing countries in the world over the years, accidents of roof caving have always accounted for a large proportion of coal mine accidents. Compared with the consequences caused by underground accidents such as water, fire, gas and coal dust, the accident is characterized by a relatively small scale of the accident and its influence range, but the frequency of the accident is high, and therefore, if accumulated, It is the number of accidents and their proportion of the total number of injuries, which are greater than those of other accidents. For example, the United States, Britain, France, West Germany, Poland, Canada, Belgium,