市场病害(marketdisease)指发生于市场的病害而言,但也被用来泛指收状后包括贮藏期发生的病害。这里论述的是后一种。市场病害的病征以“腐败”或“发霉”为代表。在这方面研究较多的是欧美。在日本,最初指出市场病害重要性的是逸见,此后在园艺学、农业工程学中曾组织了生产物的保存和流迎的研究,在植物病理学中进行了鲜果品腐败病原的调查。但与欧美相比,这些研究远不够活跃。但不管怎么说,在日本,市场病害造成的损失并不小。特别是近年来,为了做到鲜果品的周年性供应,需要将果品长期贮藏,许多从海外输入的鲜果品也要经过数周以上的运输,这些都自然使市场病害的发生增多。 Market disease refers to diseases that occur in the market but are also used to refer to diseases that occur after harvest, including during storage. The latter is discussed here. The symptoms of disease in the market are represented by “corrupt” or “moldy”. More research in this area is Europe and the United States. In Japan, Yoshimitsu, who first pointed out the importance of disease in the market, has since conducted research on the preservation and flow-through of horticultural products and flow-through plants in horticulture and agricultural engineering and conducted investigations into the pathogens of spoilage of fresh fruits in plant pathology. However, compared with Europe and the United States, these studies are far from being active enough. But in any case, in Japan, the damage caused by market diseases is not small. In recent years, in order to ensure the annual supply of fresh fruits, long-term storage of fruits is required. Many fresh fruits imported from overseas also have to be transported for more than a few weeks, which naturally increase market disruption.