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目的:探讨急诊科成年死亡患者的流行病学特点。方法:对2004年1月至2008年12月我科成年死亡病例的流行病学资料进行回顾性分析。结果:男女比例在70岁之前各年龄段为5～2∶1,70～80岁为1∶1,81岁以后则为1∶2;总平均死亡年龄53.34岁与男性的51.15岁相近,明显低于女性的61.46岁(P<0.05):前五位死因分别为各种创伤(37.50%)、脑血管疾病(17.59%)、心血管疾病(17.13%)、恶性肿瘤(10.19%)和慢性阻塞性肺病(COPD,5.56%)。50岁以下青年人的主要死因为各种创伤和脑血管疾病、恶性肿瘤,50～70岁年龄段为心脑血管疾病和恶性肿瘤,60岁以上则是COPD。结论:各种创伤、脑心血管疾病及恶性肿瘤是急诊科成年患者的主要死因,及时正确抢救能降低其病死率。
Objective: To investigate the epidemiological characteristics of adult death patients in emergency department. Methods: The epidemiological data of adult deaths in our department from January 2004 to December 2008 were retrospectively analyzed. Results: Before the age of 70, the ratio of male to female was 1: 1 in age groups of 5 to 2: 1, the age of 1 to 80 was 1: 1, and the average age was 53.34 years old, which was similar to that of men (P <0.05). The top five causes of death were all kinds of trauma (37.50%), cerebrovascular disease (17.59%), cardiovascular disease (17.13%), malignant tumor (10.19%) and chronic Obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD, 5.56%). The main causes of death for young people under the age of 50 are various types of traumatic and cerebrovascular diseases and malignancies. Cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases and malignancies are found in the 50- to 70-year-old age group and COPD is older than 60 years. Conclusion: All kinds of traumatic, cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases and malignant tumors are the main cause of death in adult patients in emergency department. The timely and correct rescue can reduce their mortality.