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皮肤T细胞淋巴瘤(CTCL)是一组少见疾病,属于结外非霍奇金淋巴瘤,是原发于皮肤的一种T淋巴细胞克隆性增生所致的疾病。目前尚无有效的治疗办法,近年来其发病率呈上升趋势。CTCL发病机制不明,大量研究表明CTCL的发生与表观遗传学有着密切关系。表观遗传学在基因转录调节中起着重要作用,主要包括组蛋白乙酰化、磷酸化、泛素化,DNA甲基化及microRNAs(miRNAs)等。随着甲基化转移酶抑制剂及组蛋白酶抑制剂等表观治疗药物在临床的成功应用,以及其对肿瘤细胞所具有的高选择性,表观遗传成为CTCL研究的热点。该文就表观遗传学中DNA甲基化、组蛋白修饰及miRNAs在CTCL诊断及治疗等方面的最新研究进展作一综述。
Cutaneous T-cell lymphoma (CTCL) is a group of rare diseases that belong to the extranodal non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma. It is a disease caused by clonal hyperplasia of T lymphocytes in primary skin. There is currently no effective treatment and its incidence has been on the rise in recent years. CTCL pathogenesis is unknown, a large number of studies have shown that the occurrence of CTCL and epigenetics are closely related. Epigenetics plays an important role in gene transcription regulation, including histone acetylation, phosphorylation, ubiquitination, DNA methylation and microRNAs (miRNAs) and so on. With the success of clinical treatments such as methyltransferase inhibitors and histone inhibitors, and their high selectivity for tumor cells, epigenetics has become a hot research topic in CTCL. This review summarizes recent advances in DNA methylation, histone modification and miRNAs in the diagnosis and treatment of CTCL in epigenetics.