染料颜色及分子结构之间的关系很早就引起许多人的注意。当时仅用生色基解释染料的颜色。自吸收光谱被应用之后,染料分子的吸收峰位移规律指出了染料颜色与共轭性的依赖关系。许多有机化学家又用中介论对染料结构及性质作了不少的说明。其中尤以π电子的离域作用与染料的性质之间的关系为最密切。染料的电子离域性近年来由于顺磁共振谱的应用 The relationship between dye color and molecular structure has long attracted the attention of many people. At that time, only chromogenic groups were used to explain the color of the dye. After the self-absorption spectrum is applied, the shift of the absorption peak of dye molecules indicates the dependence of dye color on conjugation. Many organic chemists use intermediary theory to make a lot of explanation about the structure and properties of dyes. In particular, the delocalization of π electrons and the nature of the dye is the most closely related. Dye electronic delocalization in recent years due to the application of paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy