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目的了解不同膳食果蔬摄入水平与老年人认知功能之间的关系。方法采用随机抽样方法对北京市南苑社区卫生服务中心辖区内的5个居民社区内457名55~75岁老年人志愿者进行一般状况及饮食情况调查,并使用蒙特利尔量表对其认知功能进行评估;对认知功能进行logistic回归分析,对不同果蔬摄入水平与认知功能的关系进行协方差分析。结果多因素logistic回归分析结果显示,读书看报(OR=0.608)是老年人认知功能的保护因素,而年龄(OR=1.072)是认知功能的危险因素;水果摄入频率不同的分组中,每周摄入7~8次的老年人M o CA总分最高(27.021分),蔬菜摄入量不同的分组中,每日摄入350~500g的老年人M o CA定向得分最高(5.995分),蔬菜摄入种类不同的分组中,每周食用8~10种的老年人,Mo CA总分(27.077分)和延迟回忆得分(3.677分)最高,每周食用2~4种的老年人,抽象得分最高(1.770分);水果摄入量和水果摄入种类不同的分组中,Mo CA总分及7个认知领域的得分差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论为改善老年人的认知功能,可适当增加日常饮食中水果的食用频率、蔬菜的食用量和种类。
Objective To understand the relationship between dietary intake of fruits and vegetables and cognitive function in the elderly. Methods The random sampling method was used to investigate the general condition and diet of 457 aged 55-75-year-old volunteers in 5 residential communities within the jurisdiction of Nanyuan Community Health Service Center in Beijing. The Montreal Scale was used to assess its cognitive function The cognitive function was analyzed by logistic regression analysis and the covariance analysis was conducted on the relationship between the intake of different fruits and vegetables and the cognitive function. Results The results of multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that reading newspaper (OR = 0.608) was the protective factor of cognitive function in the elderly, while the age (OR = 1.072) was the risk factor of cognitive function. In the groups with different frequency of fruit intake , The highest score of M o CA (27.021) in the elderly who took 7-8 times a week, the highest score of M o CA in the group of 350-500g per day (5.995 Among the groups with different types of vegetables, 8-10 elderly people were enrolled each week. MoCA score (27.077 points) and delayed recall score (3.677 points) were the highest. 2-4 kinds of elderly people People had the highest abstract score (1.770). There were no significant differences in scores of MoCA score and 7 cognitive domains between groups with different fruit intake and fruit intake (P> 0.05). Conclusion In order to improve the cognitive function of the elderly, the frequency of eating fruits, the consumption of vegetables and the types of vegetables can be appropriately increased.