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新生儿心肌炎属新生儿心肌病范畴。病理改变是以心肌血管周围的炎症细胞浸润和心肌纤维细胞溶解、坏死为主要特征。由于临床表现不典型及无特异性检查手段,诊断的确立是困难的。因此,新生儿心肌炎的发病率在各国都不高,统计也很不准确。在美国Johns Hopkins医院对288例有先天性心脏病的新生儿作尸体解剖发现心肌病12例,占4%,其中心肌炎仅2例,占0.7%。多伦多儿童医院总结了1950～1973年的1588例有心脏病的新生儿,28例心肌病中心内膜弹力纤维增生病14例,而心肌炎仅2例。Rowe等(1978)报导了101例新生儿心脏病,21例为心肌病,其中3例为心肌炎。
Neonatal myocarditis is a newborn cardiomyopathy category. Pathological changes in the myocardial blood vessels around the infiltration of inflammatory cells and myocardial fibrinolysis, necrosis as the main feature. Due to the clinical manifestations of atypical and non-specific means of detection, diagnosis is difficult to establish. Therefore, the incidence of neonatal myocarditis in countries are not high, the statistics are not accurate. At the Johns Hopkins Hospital in the United States 288 cases of congenital heart disease in neonates were found for autopsy in 12 cases of cardiomyopathy, accounting for 4%, of which only 2 cases of myocarditis, accounting for 0.7%. Children’s Hospital of Toronto summarized 1,588 newborns with heart disease from 1950 to 1973, 28 with cardiomyopathy center, and 14 with endocardial fibroelastosis, with only 2 with myocarditis. Rowe et al. (1978) reported 101 neonates with heart disease, 21 with cardiomyopathy, and 3 with myocarditis.