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社会主义是近代中国最主要的社会思潮之一。首先,社会主义一直是先进的中国人孜孜不倦的选择与追求;其次,和民族主义一样,社会主义也贯穿于近代各种思潮之中。五四后,更准确地说,中国共产党成立后,中国的社会主义分为两条思想谱系向前发展:一条是中国共产党人以及在中国共产党领导下的左翼知识分子的社会主义思想及其实践,另一条是以报刊编辑、大学教授为中坚的中国知识界的社会主义思想及其追求。这两条思想谱系对于社会主义的理解存在着不同,我们在研究近代中国的社会主义时,应对这两种思想谱系及其对社会主义的理解加以区分。苏联是世界上第一个社会主义国家,其社会主义模式对近代中国知识界产生过重大影响,计划经济是社会主义的本质属性这一深远地影响过近代中国人社会主义观念的认识,就得自于30年代初中国知识界对苏联“一五”计划的总结。
Socialism is one of the most important social thoughts in modern China. First of all, socialism has always been a tireless choice and pursuit of advanced Chinese. Second, like nationalism, socialism has also permeated various modern trends of thought. After the May 4th Movement, more precisely, after the founding of the Chinese Communist Party, China’s socialism has been divided into two lines of thought: the one is the socialist ideas and practices of the left-wing intellectuals under the leadership of the CPC and the Communist Party of China , And the other is the socialist ideology and its pursuit of the Chinese intelligentsia, which is centered on newspaper editors and university professors. There is a difference between these two ideologies in the understanding of socialism. When we study socialism in modern China, we should make a distinction between these two ideologies and their understanding of socialism. The Soviet Union is the first socialist country in the world and its socialist model has had a significant impact on the intellectual community in modern China. The planned economy is the essential attribute of socialism, which profoundly affects the concept of socialism in modern China. From the Early 30s Chinese Intellectuals ’Summary of the Soviet Union’ s “January 5” Plan.