微生物包含五大群生物体:病毒、真菌、藻类、原生物和细菌。细菌因其独特的作用能被广泛用于油田化学改造,所以此处的微生物就是指细菌。微生物因其多方面的作用,在国外油田已经投入工业性应用,我国的大庆油田、胜利油田、辽河油田等也进行了大量矿场试验。现场应用表明,微生物不但能应 Micro-organisms contain five groups of organisms: viruses, fungi, algae, protists and bacteria. Bacteria can be widely used for chemical modification of oilfields because of their unique functions, so microorganisms here refer to bacteria. Due to its various functions, microorganisms have been put into industrial application in overseas oilfields. Daqing Oilfield, Shengli Oilfield and Liaohe Oilfield in China have also carried out a large number of field tests. Field applications show that not only can microorganisms