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酸蚀症是牙齿长期受到酸的侵蚀造成的牙体硬组织进行性损害，也是制酸、制醋等从业者的一种职业病。随着饮食习惯的改变，食用甜类、酸类食物增加，酸蚀症呈逐年上升趋势，尤其是儿童及青少年群体。本文从酸蚀症的流行情况、病因和临床防治等方面进行阐述，以期为酸蚀症的早诊断、早治疗提供指导，为职业病防护策略提供支持。“,”Dental erosion is a progressive loss and damage of tooth hard tissues caused by contacting acidic substances. It is an occupational disease for workers who make acidic products such as acids, vinegar, etc. In the past decades, a rising of prevalence rate of dental erosion, especially in the youth groups, along with the change of dietary habits and the increased consumption of sweet and acidic diets, has attracted public′s attention. This article reviews and analyzes the literature on the prevalence, etiology, prevention and treatment of dental erosion, so as to provide guidance for early diagnosis and treatment of dental erosion and support for making occupational disease prevention strategies.