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目的调查阿勒泰吉木乃县少数民族甲状腺功能亢进症(甲亢)患病率,探讨诱发甲亢的相关危险因素。方法对阿勒泰吉木乃县阿尔恰勒村84户(328例)常住居民行入户调查,并回顾甲状腺疾病相关辅助检查,分析甲亢疾病发生的相关因素。结果甲亢58例,甲状腺功能减退症(甲减)22例,甲状腺腺瘤97例,结节性甲状腺肿93例,甲状腺炎8例,甲状腺癌1例,当地甲亢发病率较高。甲亢患者中汉族11例(18.97%)、哈族39例(67.24%)、维族2例(3.45%)、回族6例(10.34%),哈族患者最多。甲亢发生的相关危险因素为:性别、年龄、心理压力、饮食习惯、加碘盐食用情况、理化物质接触、烟酒嗜好、甲状腺疾病病史、甲状腺疾病家族史(P<0.05)。结论吉木乃县甲亢患者发病率较高,其中哈族占比最高,碘摄入过量可能是导致当地哈族人群发生甲亢的最主要因素。
Objective To investigate the prevalence of thyroid hyperthyroidism (Hyperthyroidism) among minority nationalities in Altay Jishui County and to explore the related risk factors of hyperthyroidism. Methods A total of 84 households (328 cases) resident households were surveyed in Archai village of Altay, Jilin Province. The related ante-mortem examination of thyroid disease was reviewed and the related factors of hyperthyroidism were analyzed. Results 58 cases of hyperthyroidism, hypothyroidism (hypothyroidism) in 22 cases, 97 cases of thyroid adenoma, nodular goiter in 93 cases, 8 cases of thyroiditis, thyroid cancer in 1 case, the local higher incidence of hyperthyroidism. Among the hyperthyroid patients, 11 were Han (18.97%), 39 (67.24%) were Kazakh, 2 (3.45%) were Uygur and 6 (10.34%) were Hui people. The related risk factors for hyperthyroidism were gender, age, psychological stress, eating habit, consumption of iodized salt, physical and chemical contact, alcohol and tobacco addiction, thyroid disease and family history of thyroid disease (P <0.05). Conclusion The incidence of hyperthyroidism is high in Jimunai County, among which the highest is Kazakh, and the excessive iodine intake may be the most important factor that causes the hyperthyroidism in Ha ethnic group.