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战后日本经济发展过程中,中小企业一直受到日本方面的重视,并在日本经济发展中起着重要作用。总结其经验对我国发展中小企业有一定的借鉴意义。一、日本中小企业概念的界定所谓中小企业,一般是指相对于同行业大企业来说,生产经营比较小的单位。日本划分中小企业的标准主要依据从业人员和资本金额数。目前其大体范围为:在工矿业、运输业及其他行业中,资本额3亿日元以下及平时雇员300人以下;在零售业中,资本额5000万日元以下及平时雇员50人以下;在服务业中,资本额5000万日元以下及平时雇员100人以下;在批发业中,资本额1亿日元以下及平时雇员100人以下;在旅馆业中,资本额5000万日元以下及平时雇员200人以下。
In the course of post-war Japan’s economic development, SMEs have always been valued by the Japanese and played an important role in Japan’s economic development. Summarizing its experience has certain reference significance for the development of SMEs in China. I. Definition of Japan’s SME Concept The so-called SMEs generally refer to units that are relatively small in production and operation as compared with large enterprises in the same industry. Japan’s standard for dividing SMEs is mainly based on the number of employees and capital amount. At present, the general scope is: In the mining, transportation, and other industries, the capital amount is less than 300 million yen and the average employee is less than 300; in the retail industry, the amount of capital is less than 50 million yen and the average employee is less than 50; In the service industry, the amount of capital is less than 50 million yen and the average number of employees is less than 100. In the wholesale industry, the amount of capital is less than 100 million yen and the average number of employees is less than 100; in the hotel industry, the amount of capital is less than 50 million yen. And usually less than 200 employees.