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针对本振光为高斯分布,接收信号光经望远镜聚焦后为艾里分布的情况,首先对高斯和艾里函数用数值计算的方式得到两种光斑最大外差效率:当艾里斑直径和高斯光束束腰直径之比为1.719时,最大外差效率为81.45%;然后介绍了光的标量衍射和Zernike像差理论,分析了夫琅禾费衍射适用于相干聚焦光场的条件,计算了平面、高斯、艾里光场和Zernike像差的采样要求,对存在各种像差的光学系统的外差效率进行了仿真,分析了倾斜、离焦、像散、慧差、球差等基本像差及组合像差对外差效率的影响,结果表明:各种像差对外差效率的影响从低到高分别为像散、倾斜、离焦、慧差和球差;3dB外差效率损失对应相干系统的指标为跟踪误差优于1μrad(RMS),组合波像差优于0.1λ。研究结果对相干激光通信系统的链路损耗分配和光机系统的工程设计具有指导意义。
Aiming at the Gaussian distribution of the local light and the distribution of the received signal light after being focused by a telescope, the maximum heterodyne efficiency of the two spots is obtained numerically for Gaussian and Arry functions. When the Airy spot diameter and the Gaussian distribution The maximum heterodyne efficiency is 81.45% when the beam waist diameter ratio is 1.719. Then, the scalar diffraction and Zernike aberration theory of light are introduced. The conditions of Fraunhofer diffraction suitable for coherently focused light field are analyzed. The plane , Gaussian, Airy field and Zernike aberration, the heterodyne efficiency of the optical system with various aberrations is simulated. The basic images of tilt, defocus, astigmatism, coma and spherical aberration are analyzed. The results show that the influences of various aberrations on the heterodyne efficiency are astigmatism, tilt, defocus, coma and spherical aberration from low to high, and the corresponding 3 dB heterodyne efficiency loss coherent The target of the system is that the tracking error is better than 1μrad (RMS) and the combined wave aberration is better than 0.1λ. The research results are of guiding significance to the link loss distribution of coherent laser communication system and engineering design of optical system.