患儿,男,5岁,因水肿7 d,尿量减少1 d入院。患儿于7 d前无明显诱因出现眼睑水肿,逐渐波及腹部、双下肢。既往史:无肝炎、结核及其他传染病史,无面部皮疹、无关节肿胀、无脱发,无明确有害物质接触史及特殊用药史。家族史:无特殊遗传病病史。查体:体质量15 kg,血压121/71 mmH g,双眼睑明显水肿,心音有力,腹部膨隆,肝脾未触及,移动性浊音阳性,双 Children, male, 5 years old, due to edema 7 d, urine output decreased 1 d admission. Children in 7 days before there was no obvious incentive eyelid edema, and gradually spread to the abdomen, both lower extremities. Past history: no history of hepatitis, tuberculosis and other infectious diseases, no facial rash, no joint swelling, no hair loss, no clear contact history of hazardous substances and special medication history. Family history: no history of a specific genetic disease. Physical examination: body weight 15 kg, blood pressure 121/71 mmH g, double eyelid edema, strong heart sound, bulging abdomen, liver and spleen not touched, shifting dullness positive, double