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过去,方言之间相似性和相关性的研究,只能陈述语言成分在方言间的出现情形,而没有触及方言间的交际沟通,本文提出一种沟通度的计算方法。沟通度的计算,首先要建立方言间语言成分对当的类型。含对当成素多的类型,形成对当规律,有助于方言沟通,给予正值加权;含对当成素少的类型,形成例外,增大方言沟通的负担,给予负值加权。两个方言间,每个对当类型的成素数目加权所得的数值的总和跟成素的总数的比率,就算是这两个方言之间的沟通度。本文具体说明《汉语方音字汇》1962年版计算机档的17个方言配对的音韵沟通度的计算过程,并对计算结果加以分析。
In the past, the researches on the similarities and correlations between dialects can only state the occurrence of language components in dialects without touching the communicative communication between dialects. This paper proposes a method to calculate the communication level. The calculation of communication, we must first establish the type of dialect between the linguistic components. It contains the right type of the elements, forms the right law, helps to communicate in the dialect, and gives the positive value weighted. It includes the types with less elements, forms the exception, increases the dialect communication burden, and gives a negative weight. Between two dialects, the ratio of the sum of the values weighted by the number of elements of the type to the total number of elements is the degree of communication between the two dialects. This article specifies the process of calculating the phonological communication of the 17 dialects of the computer files of the 1962 Chinese version of “Chinese Dialect Vocabulary” and analyzes the calculation results.