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目的分析我院新生儿医院感染发生情况,探讨医院感染的危险因素,以指导感染的防控工作。方法回顾性调查2007年1月至2011年12月我院新生儿病房发生医院感染的病例,分析感染部位、主要病原菌、耐药情况、结局,以及其与胎龄和出生体重的关系。结果研究期间收治的7986例新生儿中发生医院感染309例(3.9%),326例次,死亡6例(1.9%)。医院感染以下呼吸道感染最多(42.3%),病原体以革兰阴性菌为主,最常见的是肺炎克雷伯菌(27.6%)和大肠埃希菌(14.7%),均对亚胺培南和美洛培南最为敏感,医院感染与胎龄、出生体重密切相关,胎龄越小、体重越低,感染发生率越高(P<0.01)。结论肺炎克雷伯菌是新生儿医院感染的重要致病菌,早产儿是医院感染的高危人群,应积极治疗基础疾病,加强管理和防范,降低新生儿病房医院感染发生率。
Objective To analyze the incidence of nosocomial infection in our hospital and explore the risk factors of nosocomial infection to guide the prevention and control of infection. Methods A retrospective study of hospital infection in neonatal ward from January 2007 to December 2011 was conducted to analyze the infection site, major pathogenic bacteria, drug resistance and outcome, as well as its relationship with gestational age and birth weight. Results A total of 309 (3.9%) nosocomial infections occurred in 7986 newborns admitted during the study period, with 326 deaths and 6 deaths (1.9%). The most common respiratory infections were nosocomial infections (42.3%). Gram-negative pathogens were the most common pathogens. The most common were Klebsiella pneumoniae (27.6%) and Escherichia coli (14.7%), Loperamine is the most sensitive, and hospital infection is closely related to gestational age and birth weight. The smaller the gestational age, the lower the body weight, the higher the infection rate (P <0.01). Conclusions Klebsiella pneumoniae is an important pathogen of neonatal nosocomial infection. Premature infants are the high risk of nosocomial infection. Active treatment of the underlying diseases should be taken to strengthen the management and prevention and reduce the incidence of nosocomial infection in neonatal wards.