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为探讨宁夏引黄灌区春小麦适宜的微咸水灌溉管理模式,该文根据2007年田间试验的实测资料,应用SWAP模型在田间尺度上对微咸水灌溉条件下春小麦田间土壤水盐运移规律和灌溉制度进行模拟,对拟定的各种灌溉方案进行评价分析。结果表明,率定与验证的SWAP模型可用于当地微咸水灌溉管理,在当地微咸水与引黄水为1︰1的混灌条件下,试验年份春小麦优化灌溉方案为全生育期灌4水(分蘖水、拔节水、抽穗水和灌浆水),灌溉定额为2400m3/hm2;在75%和50%降雨年型下,春小麦优化灌溉方案为全生育期灌4水(分蘖水、拔节水、抽穗水和灌浆水),灌溉定额分别为3000m3/hm2和2300m3/hm2;在25%降雨年型下,春小麦优化灌溉方案为全生育期灌2水(拔节水和抽穗水),灌溉定额为2000m3/hm2。该研究所提出的优化灌溉模式对于引黄灌区微咸水高效灌溉利用具有一定的指导意义。
In order to investigate the suitable management mode of brackish water for spring wheat in irrigated area of Yellow River irrigation in Ningxia, this paper, based on the field data of 2007 and SWAP model, The irrigation system was simulated and the proposed irrigation schemes were evaluated and analyzed. The results showed that the SWAP model of rate determination and validation could be used for local brackish water irrigation management. Under the condition of 1: 1 local brackish water and yellowing water irrigation, the optimal irrigation schedule of spring wheat in the experimental year was irrigation 4 Water (tillering water, jointing water, heading water and grouting water) with an irrigation quota of 2400m3 / hm2. Under the 75% and 50% rainfall years, the optimal irrigation program for spring wheat was irrigation of 4 whole- , Heading and grouting water) with irrigation quotas of 3000m3 / hm2 and 2300m3 / hm2, respectively. Under the 25% rainfall type, the optimal irrigation schedule of spring wheat was 2 irrigation (jointing and heading) during the whole growth period. The irrigation quota was 2000m3 / hm2. The optimal irrigation mode proposed by this institute is of guiding significance for the efficient irrigation of brackish water in the Yellow River Diversion Irrigation District.