论文部分内容阅读
采用岩棉营养液栽培方法探讨不同Ｋ、Ｎ水平对番茄的生育、产量及品质的影响。试验结果表明，Ｋ、Ｎ配合明显促进番茄生育，单株鲜重、干物重、茎粗、叶面积均随营养液中Ｋ浓度的增加而增大，呈显著或极显著正相关（ｒ＝０．９３９～０．９９８）。Ｎ、Ｋ互作未达显著水准，但Ｎ浓度的增加提高了相关关系的斜率。随Ｋ浓度的增加，番茄开花和座果及成熟期提前；单株产量、单株结果数、单果重有增加倾向；优质果率明显提高。品质分析结果表明，果实中可溶性固形物、滴定酸度与Ｋ浓度呈显著或极显著正相关。果实表面色Ｌ＊ａ＊ｂ＊与Ｋ浓度密切相关，提高Ｋ浓度有利于果实着色。高Ｋ浓度有降低叶中Ｐ、Ｃａ、Ｍｇ含量的倾向。在高Ｎ营养条件下必须相对提高Ｋ的浓度以避免营养失调。番茄营养液栽培Ｋ的浓度以２００～３００ｍｇ·ｋｇ－１为宜，Ｎ浓度以１００ｍｇ·ｋｇ－１为宜。
The effects of different K, N levels on the growth, yield and quality of tomato were studied by using rockwool nutrient solution cultivation method. The results showed that the combination of K and N significantly promoted tomato growth, the fresh weight per plant, dry matter weight, stem diameter and leaf area increased with the increase of K concentration in nutrient solution, with significant or very significant positive correlation (r = 0 .939 ~ 0.998). N and K interactions did not reach a significant level, but the increase of N concentration increased the slope of the correlation. With the increase of K concentration, tomato flowering and fruit set and maturity ahead of schedule; yield per plant, the number of fruit per plant, fruit weight tended to increase; high-quality fruit increased significantly. The results of quality analysis showed that there was a significant or very significant positive correlation between soluble solids, titration acidity and K concentration in fruits. Fruit surface color L * a * b * and K concentration are closely related to improve the K concentration is conducive to fruit coloring. The high K concentration had the tendency of decreasing the contents of P, Ca and Mg in leaves. Under high N nutrition conditions, the concentration of K must be relatively increased to avoid malnutrition. The concentration of K in tomato nutrient solution cultivation was 200 ~ 300 mg · kg-1, and N concentration was 100 mg · kg-1.