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从等离子体运动方程出发,利用COSMIC星座的掩星数据,借助相关经验模式,计算了太阳活动低年顶部电离层O~+场向扩散速度和扩散通量,并分析了其全球分布和日变化特征.结果表明,白天等离子体扩散速度的方向随高度增加由向下(极向)逐步变为向上(赤道向),方向转变的高度一般在h_mF_2+80 km以下.在白天较高高度,南北磁纬10°～20°存在着向上方向的最大扩散速度和扩散通量;而在夜间,南北磁纬30°～40°存在向下方向的最大扩散速度和扩散通量.在分点,南北半球的扩散通量和扩散速度大致对称;而在至点,扩散通量存在着明显的南北半球不对称现象.另外,不同纬度的扩散速度有着不同的日变化特征.
Based on the equation of motion of plasma, the COSMIC constellation ’s occultation data are used to calculate the O ~ + field diffusion velocities and diffusive fluxes of the top ionosphere in the low solar year with the help of relevant empirical models. The global distribution and diurnal variation The results show that the direction of plasma diffusion velocity gradually changes from downward (polar) to upward (equatorial) with the increase of height during the daytime, and the height of the direction transformation is generally below hmf2 + 80 km.With the increasing of daytime, In the nighttime, the maximum diffusion velocity and the diffusive flux in the down direction of 30 ° ~ 40 ° latitude latitude and longitude exist in the latitude 10 ° ~ 20 ° latitude. In the northern hemisphere, the diffusive flux and diffusion velocity are roughly symmetrical, while at the extremum, the diffusive fluxes have obvious asymmetry in the northern and southern hemispheres. In addition, the diffusion rates at different latitudes have different diurnal variations.