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目的了解丰宁县2014年疑似预防接种异常反应(Adverse Events Following Immunization,AEFI)的发生特征,评价AEFI信息管理系统运转状况及预防接种安全性。方法通过AEFI信息管理系统收集丰宁县2014年报告的AEFI,采用描述性方法进行流行病学分析。结果丰宁县AEFI信息管理系统收到审核AEFI病例报告62例,48 h报告率为98.39%。所有报告的AEFI均为不良反应中的一般反应,无异常反应发生,也未监测到其它的异常接种反应。男女性别比为1.42∶1,≤1岁组儿童21例,占33.87%;2~6岁组9例,占14.51%;≥7岁组1例,占1.61%。3月报告发生AEFI 16例,占51.96%,报告病例数前3位的疫苗分别是百白破(DPT)、流行性乙型脑炎灭活疫苗(JEV-L)、麻疹风疹联合减毒活疫苗(MR)。其中发热48例,占77.41%;红肿44例,占70.96%;硬结33例,占53.22%。所有的病例均痊愈。结论丰宁县2014年预防接种总体是安全的,没有发生大的异常接种反应和不良事件,一方面表明疫苗安全性、疫苗储存运输的规范,同时也表明该县预防接种技术、预防接种门诊和免疫规划管理的规范。
Objective To understand the occurrence characteristics of Adverse Events Following Immunization (AEFI) in 2014 in Fengning County and to evaluate the operation status of AEFI information management system and vaccination safety. Methods The AEFI reported by Fengning County in 2014 was collected through the AEFI information management system, and the descriptive method was used for epidemiological analysis. Results Fengning County AEFI Information Management System received 62 cases of AEFI audit reports, 48 h reported a rate of 98.39%. All reported AEFIs were normal reactions to adverse reactions, no abnormal reactions occurred, and no other abnormal inoculation responses were detected. The ratio of male to female was 1.42:1. There were 21 cases of children ≤1 years old, accounting for 33.87%. There were 9 cases aged 2 ~ 6 years (14.51%), and 1 case of ≥7 years old (1.61%). In March, 16 cases of AEFI occurred, accounting for 51.96%. The top three vaccines reported were DPT, JEV-L, measles and rubella combined with attenuated live Vaccine (MR). Among them, 48 cases were fever, accounting for 77.41%; 44 cases were swollen, accounting for 70.96%; 33 cases were indurated, accounting for 53.22%. All cases were cured. Conclusions Fengning County vaccination in 2014 was generally safe and no major abnormal vaccination response and adverse events occurred. On the one hand, the safety of vaccines and the norms of storage and transportation of vaccines were indicated. Vaccination techniques, vaccination clinics and immunizations Planning and management of the norms.