“国进民退”是讨论得最热烈的一个问题,从局部的意义上,“国进民退”不是假命题,而是客观现实的反映。从历史唯物论的基本原理和我国具体情况出发来分析在我国社会主义初级阶段国有经济和民营经济的彼此消长必须经历以下两个历史阶段。第一阶段,是在坚持社会主义公有制为主体的前提下发展民营经济。第二阶段,在国企经过改革效率提高的前提下,国有经济的比重逐步上升,民营经济的比重逐步下降,这是一个很长的历史过程。国有经济的战略性调整,并不否定在社会主义市场经济条件下由市场平等竞争导致的国有资本和民营资本相互存在的有进有退的正常现象。 “Going back into the country ” is the hottest question to discuss. From a local point of view, “Going back into the country ” is not a false proposition but a reflection of objective reality. From the basic principles of historical materialism and the specific conditions of our country, we must analyze the following two historic stages in the analysis of the growth and decline of the state-owned economy and the private economy in the initial stage of our socialism. The first stage is to develop the private economy on the premise of upholding the socialist public ownership. In the second stage, with the improvement of the efficiency of state-owned enterprises, the proportion of the state-owned economy is gradually rising and the proportion of the private-owned economy is gradually declining. This is a very long historical process. The strategic readjustment of the state-owned economy does not negate the normal phenomenon that the state-owned capital and the private capital, which are caused by the equal market competition in the socialist market economy, have a reciprocal effect.