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引言由于现代工业的迅速发展,机器与构件的使用条件也变得极其严格,对其安全使用的要求也越来越高,因此实验应力分析在日本起着日益重要的作用。由于对测试精度要求的提高以及它们所应用的领域的扩大,使我们用现有的实验方法已不可能容易地对动态变形,高温变形,以及局部区域的变形进行分析。在这种情况下,促使了实验应力与应变分析近年来在日本取得了进展。这一领域的研究活动,我们可以以每年的日本无损检验学会(JNDI),日本机械工程学会(JSME)和日本光弹性学会的会议中了解到。“实验应力与应变测试研讨会”是其中最重要的学术会议之一,它是每年度一次由JNDI发起与主办的。图1给出了分别在1979年与1983年《实验应力与应变分析评论》上用图表说明的实验方法的分布情况。这种评论每年由JNDI出版一次。在过去的五年中,超声波方法,声学方法,网格法增长的百分比比
Introduction Due to the rapid development of modern industry, the conditions of use of machines and components have also become extremely stringent, and the requirements for their safe use are also getting higher and higher. Therefore, the analysis of experimental stress plays an increasingly important role in Japan. Due to the increasing demands on the accuracy of testing and the expansion of the fields they are applied to, it is impossible to easily analyze the dynamic deformation, the high temperature deformation and the deformation of the local area by using the existing experimental methods. Under such circumstances, the analysis of experimental stress and strain has been prompted to make progress in Japan in recent years. Research activities in this area can be learned from the annual meeting of JNDI, JSME and Japan Society of Photoelasticity. The Symposium on Experimental Stress and Strain Testing is one of the most important academic conferences sponsored and sponsored by JNDI once a year. Figure 1 shows the distribution of experimental methods graphically illustrated in the 1979 and 1983 Experimental Stress and Strain Analysis Commentary, respectively. This review is published annually by JNDI. In the past five years, the ultrasound method, the acoustic method, the percentage increase of the grid method