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国家“十二五”规划纲要提出,要逐步建立碳排放交易市场。控制温室气体排放是我国积极应对气候变化的重要任务,对于加快转变经济发展方式、促进经济社会可持续发展推进新的产业革命具有重要意义。《国务院关于印发“十二五”控制温室气体排放工作方案的通知》(国发〔2011〕41号)进一步明确要充分发挥市场机制作用,确保完成控制温室气体排放目标,并且从建立自愿减排交易机制、开展碳排放权交易试点和加强碳排放交易支撑体系建设等方面作了部署。围绕总量目标和配额分配,结合我国区域碳交易试点工作基础和任务要求,对碳交易市场建设过程中涉及的碳减排与节能政策、总量目标与碳强度控制、配额减排交易与自愿减排交易、直接排放与间接排放、配额免费发放与有偿拍卖的关系进行了分析,并提出工作建议,以期为碳排放权交易试点建设提供参考。
The national “Twelfth Five-Year Plan” proposed to gradually establish a carbon emissions trading market. Controlling greenhouse gas emissions is an important task of our country to actively cope with climate change and is of great significance for accelerating the transformation of economic development mode and promoting sustainable economic and social development so as to promote a new industrial revolution. “Notice of the State Council on Issuing the Twelfth Five-year Plan for Controlling Greenhouse Gas Emissions” (Guo Fa [2011] No. 41) Further clarified that the market mechanism should be given full play to ensure that the goal of controlling greenhouse gas emissions is fulfilled, and from the establishment of a voluntary Emission reduction trading mechanism, to carry out carbon emissions trading pilot and to strengthen the carbon emissions trading support system and so made arrangements. Based on the total target and quota allocation, combined with the basic work and mission requirements of regional pilot carbon trading in our country, this paper analyzes the carbon emission reduction and energy conservation policies involved in the construction of carbon trading market, the total target and carbon intensity control, quota emission reduction trading and voluntary Emissions reduction, direct emissions and indirect emissions, free distribution of quotas and paid auctions were analyzed and work recommendations were put forward in order to provide reference for the pilot construction of carbon emissions trading.