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目的 评价乳腺Ｘ线摄影诊断乳腺癌的准确性，探讨影响其敏感性和特异性的因素。方法 取经组织病理证实的４４３ 例良恶性乳腺病变的术前乳腺片（ 良性病变２５９ 例，恶性病变１８４ 例） ，根据乳腺Ｘ 线装置性能、投照位置、胶片、洗片机等技术特点不同将其分成两组：Ａ 组（ｎ ＝ １６３）和Ｂ组（ ｎ＝ ２８０）。①Ａ 组应用国产ＤＧＸ ＭＦ３０钼靶摄影装置，仅有两侧乳腺侧位片；②Ｂ组采用美国ＢＥＮＮＥＴＴ ＭＦ１５０ 乳腺摄影系统，有侧位和轴位片。然后由两位资深乳腺放射诊断医师分别采用盲法（ 不参考临床资料仅根据乳腺片的影像特点作出诊断） 和综合法（ 结合临床资料对乳腺片作出诊断） 对乳腺片进行分析辨别，最后将Ｘ 线分析结果与组织病理诊断作对照，根据有关真阳性、假阴性、真阴性及假阳性病例数，计算出相因的敏感性和特异性。结果 Ａ 组的乳腺Ｘ 线摄影的敏感性和特异性分别为：盲法７０３１％ 和７６７７ ％ ，综合法７８１３％ 和８３８３ ％ ；Ｂ组分别为：盲法８１６７ ％ 和８８７５ ％ ，综合法８９１７ ％ 和９３７５ ％ ，Ｂ组的乳腺Ｘ 线摄影的敏感性和特异性高于Ａ 组，而在相同的乳腺Ｘ线摄影技术条件下，综合法的敏感性和特异性高于盲法?
Objective To evaluate the accuracy of mammography in the diagnosis of breast cancer and to explore the factors affecting its sensitivity and specificity. Methods Preoperative mammary glands of 443 cases of benign and malignant breast lesions confirmed by histopathology (259 cases of benign lesions and 184 cases of malignant lesions) were obtained according to the technical characteristics of breast X-ray device, projection position, film, and film processor. They were divided into two groups: group A (n = 163) and group B (n = 280). The 1A group used the domestic DGX MF 30 molybdenum target photography device with only two side breast lateral radiographs; the 2B group used the American BENNETT MF 150 mammography system with lateral and axial images. Then two senior diagnostic mammography doctors used the blind method (do not refer to the clinical data only to diagnose according to the image characteristics of the breast film) and the comprehensive method (combined with the clinical data to diagnose the breast film) to analyze and identify the breast patch. X-ray analysis results were compared with histopathological diagnosis. Based on the number of true positive, false-negative, true-negative and false-positive cases, the sensitivity and specificity of the phase-cause was calculated. Results The sensitivity and specificity of mammography in group A were as follows: blindness of 70 31% and 76 77%, comprehensive score of 78 13% and 83 83%; and group B: blindness of 81 . 67% and 8875%, combined with 8917% and 9375%. Sensitivity and specificity of mammography in group B was higher than that of group A, but under the same mammography technique conditions, The comprehensive method has higher sensitivity and specificity than the blind method.