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本文用历史语言学的方法考察了两个诞生于20世纪初的新词:“男性”和“女性”。通过把这两个语言的能指符号放在其历史的特殊性和变异性中进行分析,本文彰显了种族和性别这两者的交互作用。在这两者的交错关系中,20世纪初半殖民地的中国知识界产生了非线性的和后结构主义的性别思想。这个研究证明了中国现代知识分子并不是消极复制西方的二元性别体系,而是把性别当作一个中西话语交锋、争夺权力的战场。“男性”和“女性”因此不仅仅是西方体系中情欲化的男女主体,它们的意义在20世纪的前三十年不断演化。尽管西方知识大举入侵,“男性”和“女性”仍然保持着传统的双性同构的框架,从而不同于西方二元性别体系。这个双性同构的框架使得中国知识分子能够在种族和性别交错的隙缝中实现权力的挪用。借用历史语言学的方法,“男性”和“女性”这两个词汇背后的文化嫁接过程也得到了更清晰的阐述。
This article uses historical linguistics to examine two new words born at the beginning of the 20th century: “male” and “female”. By placing the signifiers of both languages in their historical specificity and variability, this article demonstrates the interaction between race and gender. In the interlacing relationship between the two, the Chinese intellectual community in the first half of the twentieth century created a nonlinear and post-structuralist gender thought. This study proves that the modern Chinese intellectuals did not negatively duplicate the dual dual gender system in the West, but instead regard the gender as a battleground where Chinese and Western discourse confront each other for power. Therefore, “male” and “female” are therefore not just erotic subjects in the Western system, but their significance evolved in the first three decades of the 20th century. Despite the massive invasion of Western knowledge, “male” and “female” still maintain the traditional framework of bisexuality and thus differ from the dual dual gender system in the West. This bisexual and homogenous framework enables Chinese intellectuals to diversify their power in the interplay of race and gender. Using the method of historical linguistics, the process of cultural grafting behind the two terms “male” and “female” is also clearer.