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目的探讨睡眠剥夺对模拟高原环境下高原肺水肿(high altitude pulmonary edema,HAPE)形成的影响,为防治HAPE提供理论依据。方法雄性SD大鼠,随机分成4组,即平原对照组、高原对照组、高原剥夺组、平原剥夺组,睡眠剥夺采用小平台水环境法建立,高原环境用5000 m低压氧舱模拟。通过测定大鼠肺湿/干比值、肺含水比值、动脉血气来评定肺水肿的程度,并通过大鼠肺组织石蜡切片观察各组病变。结果高原剥夺组的肺湿/干比值及肺含水量比值显著高于其余3组(P<0.01)。高原剥夺组可见肺间质增厚、肿大,大量多核细胞,肺泡腔变小,肺泡内无液体渗出,其他组病理切片未见上述变化。结论高原环境下睡眠剥夺可促发急性HAPE的形成可能与交感神经活性增强有关。
Objective To explore the effect of sleep deprivation on the formation of high altitude pulmonary edema (HAPE) in simulated plateau environment and provide a theoretical basis for the prevention and treatment of HAPE. Methods Male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into 4 groups: Plains control group, plateau control group, plateau deprivation group, plains deprivation group and sleep deprivation. The platform water environment method was used to establish the model. The degree of pulmonary edema was assessed by measuring the ratio of lung wet / dry lung, lung water content and arterial blood gas, and the pathological changes were observed by paraffin sections of rat lung tissue. Results The ratio of lung wet / dry ratio and lung water content in plateau deprivation group was significantly higher than the other three groups (P <0.01). Plateau deprivation group showed pulmonary interstitial thickening, swelling, a large number of multinucleated cells, alveolar cavity smaller, no alveolar effusion, the other group of pathological changes were not seen. Conclusion Sleep deprivation in highland environment may induce the formation of acute HAPE possibly related to the enhancement of sympathetic nerve activity.