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地物波谱特性是遥感技术应用的物理基础,是遥感定量分析的基础,地物波谱研究是遥感基础研究的重要内容,文章以新疆塔里木盆地北缘渭干河-库车河三角洲绿洲为研究区,采用美国CID公司生产的CI700便携式野外光谱仪,通过大量的野外调查以及实地测点,分析了该绿洲盐渍化地区的几种典型地物(盐碱地、细沙地、沙丘、棉花地等以及柽柳、骆驼刺、芦苇等)的光谱特性及其变化规律,尤其是对盐渍化地和盐生植被的光谱曲线的差异做出了分析,并根据实际情况,采用移动平均法去噪进行了噪声去除,分析实测光谱数据噪声特征。同时利用导数光谱技术清除植被环境背景影响。最后,为了今后继续研究的方便,在对实测光谱数据进行处理的基础上,利用ENVI软件建立了小型的渭干河-库车河三角洲绿洲主要地物的光谱库,该库可以为渭-库绿洲的地物调查,植被调查、植被分类和环境监测等遥感应用服务。
The spectral characteristics of ground objects are the physical basis of the application of remote sensing technology and the basis of quantitative analysis of remote sensing. The study of ground object spectrum is an important part of remote sensing research. Taking the Weigan River and Kuqa River Delta in the northern Tarim Basin as an example , Using the CI700 portable field spectrometer manufactured by CID Company of the United States, through a large number of field surveys and field measurement points, analyzed some typical features of the oasis salinization area (saline land, fine sand land, sand dune, cotton land, , Camel thorn, reed, etc.), especially the differences of the spectral curves of salinized and salt-growing vegetation were analyzed. According to the actual situation, the moving average method was used to denoise the noise Remove, analyze the measured spectral data noise characteristics. At the same time, the use of derivative spectroscopy to clear the background of vegetation environment. Finally, in order to continue the research convenience in the future, based on the processing of the measured spectral data, a spectral library of the main Uzbek-Kuqa River Delta oasis key objects was established by ENVI software, Oasis geomorphology survey, vegetation survey, vegetation classification and environmental monitoring and other remote sensing application services.