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目的:了解在校大学生对“灾害与急救”知识掌握现状,为大学开设相关教学课程提供需求依据。方法:采用描述性研究方法,自行设计调查问卷,对436名在校大学生进行调查分析。结果:436名学生中,获得灾害自救互救知识的途径主要来自报纸电视(49.77%),其他包括知识讲座或宣传(20.41%),网络媒体(16.74%)等;对我国“防灾减灾日”知晓率43.81%,自然灾害、火灾、踩踏及检伤分类知识了解较少。303(69.50%)名学生最想了解个人在灾害中的自救与互救知识;学生建议通过参加灾害演习(52.98%)、图文并茂的手册(25.23%)等掌握灾害知识;认为有必要在高等院校中开设“灾害与急救”课程占97.02%;87.16%学生愿意成为灾害前线自愿者。结论:高等院校应积极规划在校学生灾害及相关急救知识的课程,课程形式可以多样,但应以提高学生的现场自救互救能力及其应急思维能力为主要考量。
OBJECTIVE: To understand the status quo of college students’ mastery of knowledge about “disasters and first aid” and to provide the basis of demand for the establishment of related teaching courses at universities. Methods: Using descriptive research methods, self-designed questionnaire, 436 undergraduates in the investigation and analysis. Results: Of the 436 students, the ways to get the knowledge of disaster self-help and mutual aid were mainly from newspapers and television (49.77%), others included knowledge lectures or publicity (20.41%) and online media (16.74%), Japanese “awareness rate of 43.81%, natural disasters, fire, stampede and inspection classification less knowledge. 303 (69.50%) of the students most want to know about the personal knowledge of self-help and mutual-aid in disasters. Students suggested that they should have disaster knowledge by participating in disaster drills (52.98%) and illustrated manuals (25.23% The school opened ”Disaster and First Aid" courses accounted for 97.02%; 87.16% of students willing to become disaster volunteers. Conclusions: Colleges and universities should actively plan the curriculum of students ’disaster and related emergency knowledge in colleges and universities. The forms of courses may be varied, but the main consideration should be to improve students’ ability of self-help and mutual aid on the spot and their ability of emergency thinking.