目前,国际航行船舶存在突发传染病疫情事件应对知识缺乏、病媒生物数量超标、食品药品管理混乱、持有涉嫌伪造船舶卫生证书等多种卫生学问题,直接威胁口岸公共卫生安全。本文通过分析岚山口岸国际航行船舶中涉及卫生学问题的4起典型案例,发现以上卫生学问题主要是由于船舶运营公司对于卫生问题的重视不够、缺乏责任意识、管理松散、监督不到位等原因造成。建议通过公司间的合纵连横提高航运市场整体的风险防控意识及管理水平,通过强化检疫监管手段,改善入境船舶卫生学状况,降低给口岸公共卫生带来的风险。 At present, there are a number of health problems such as the lack of knowledge about outbreaks of epidemic diseases, the excessive number of vector organisms, the messiness of food and drug administration, the holding of sanitary certificate of allegedly forging ships and the like, which directly threaten the public health and safety of ports. This article analyzes four typical cases involving hygiene problems in international navigation vessels at Lanshan Port and finds that the above hygiene problems are mainly due to the lack of attention paid by ship operation companies to health problems, lack of sense of responsibility, loose management and inadequate supervision Cause. It is suggested that the overall awareness of risk prevention and control in the shipping market should be raised through vertical and horizontal inter-company cooperation. By strengthening the means of quarantine inspection and supervision, the hygiene conditions of incoming ships should be improved and the risks posed to port public health should be reduced.