本文力图在反思与批判、比较与研究包括马克思在内的德国哲学大师们的哲学努力与探索成果的基础上 ,揭示并勾勒出现代西方欧陆人文哲学家在“主体际的交往”问题上的分歧与争端、摧毁与建构的思想发展理路 ;揭示并阐释他们基于不同的基点所建构起来的交往理论的偏颇与阈限 ;揭示并分析哈贝马斯交往行动理论与马克思交往思想之间的关联与区别 ,并从马克思所提出的物质生产实践这一“历史的真正基础”出发 ,力争合乎逻辑地阐明、铺展出交往实践的基本内容 This article attempts to reveal and outline the differences between the Western European humanities and philosophers on the issue of “the interaction of the main body” based on the reflection and criticism, the comparison and study of the philosophical efforts and explorations of the German philosophers including Marx. And the ideology of dispute, destruction and construction; to reveal and explain the biases and thresholds of their communicative theories based on different basis points; to reveal and analyze the relationship between Habermas’s theory of communicative action and Marx’s communicative thinking And proceeding from the “historical real foundation” of material production practice put forward by Marx, trying hard to make a logical explanation and laying out the basic contents of the practice of communication