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为了解苯巴比妥预防新生儿缺氧缺血性脑病（ＨＩＥ）的效果，以１０５例新生儿窒息患儿为预防组，在出生后６ｈ内给予苯巴比妥负荷量，维持量用３～５天，对照组为同一病区未使用苯巴比妥预防前２年的１２４例新生儿窒息患儿。结果显示预防组ＨＩＥ的发生率（３９．０５％）较对照组（５２．４２％）显著降低（χ２＝４．０８，Ｐ＜０．０５），在中重度ＨＩＥ发生率之间的差异也有显著性（χ２＝３．９３，Ｐ＜０．０５）。提示苯巴比妥对ＨＩＥ的预防有一定效果，可降低ＨＩＥ的严重程度且未见不良反应。建议对新生儿窒息患儿在出生后６ｈ内常规给予苯巴比妥预防量，以期进一步降低ＨＩＥ的发生率及其严重程度。
In order to understand the effect of phenobarbital in preventing neonatal hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy (HIE), 105 neonates with asphyxia were used as the prophylaxis group, and the phenobarbital load was given within 6 hours after birth. The maintenance dose was 3 ~ 5 days, the control group was 124 cases of neonatal asphyxia in the same ward without phenobarbital prophylaxis two years ago. The results showed that the incidence of HIE in prevention group (39.05%) was significantly lower than that in control group (52.42%) (χ2 = 4.08, P <0.05), and the difference between the incidence of moderate and severe HIE was Significance (χ2 = 3.93, P <0.05). Prompt phenobarbital on the prevention of HIE have a certain effect, can reduce the severity of HIE and no adverse reactions. Proposed neonatal asphyxia children within 6h after birth routinely given phenobarbital prophylaxis in order to further reduce the incidence of HIE and its severity.