论文部分内容阅读
运用最近邻指数和耦合分析方法,研究了旧石器时期至近现代新疆432处文化遗址时空分布特征及驱动因素。结果表明:(1)新疆文化遗址属于聚集分布模式,集中分布在以12个聚集区为主的丝绸之路南道、中道、北道和塔城—阿勒泰地区4个带。中道和北道的遗址数量约占总量的80.11%。(2)新疆文化遗址可划分为旧石器—商朝、西周—秦朝、汉代—南北朝、隋唐—五代、宋元明、清朝—近现代6个时期,不同时期遗址分布重心经历了塔城—阿勒泰→丝绸之路南道和中道→丝绸之路中道和北道→丝绸之路中道的演变。(3)文化遗址的格局演化与历史时期新疆自然和人文因素等有很好的耦合关系,文化遗址的快速发展期(如西汉、隋唐)与气候的相对凉湿期、中原政权的强盛、屯垦的高潮期、丝绸之路的繁荣期相对应。(4)文化遗址空间分布主要受控于自然因素,而时间变迁更多的是受人文因素的影响。早期自然因素的影响大,而后期人文力量起主导作用,是新疆文化遗址变迁与自然和人文耦合关系的总规律。
Using the nearest neighbor index and the coupled analysis method, the temporal and spatial distribution and driving factors of 432 cultural sites from the Paleolithic to the modern Xinjiang were studied. The results show that: (1) The Xinjiang cultural relics belonged to the pattern of agglomeration and distribution, concentrated in four belts of South Silk Road, Middle Road, North Road and Tacheng-Altay Region, which mainly consisted of 12 agglomerations. The number of sites in Middle Road and North Road accounts for about 80.11% of the total. (2) Xinjiang cultural sites can be divided into Paleolithic - Shang and Western Zhou Dynasty - Qin Dynasty, Han Dynasty - Southern and Northern Dynasties, Sui and Tang Dynasties - Five Dynasties, Song and Yuan Dynasties, Qing Dynasty - 6 modern times, Silk Road South Road and Middle Road → Silk Road Middle Road and North Road → Silk Road Middle Road evolution. (3) The pattern evolution of cultural relics has a good coupling relationship with the natural and human factors in Xinjiang during the historical period. The rapid development of cultural relics (such as Western Han Dynasty, Sui and Tang Dynasties) and the relative cool and wet period of climate, the prosperity of the Central Plains regime, Climax, corresponding to the prosperity of the Silk Road. (4) The spatial distribution of cultural sites is mainly controlled by natural factors, while the temporal changes are more influenced by human factors. The influence of early natural factors is great, and the later humanistic forces play a leading role. It is the general law of the change of cultural sites in Xinjiang and the coupling of nature and humanity.