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以福建省顺昌县的闽粤栲[Castanopsis fissa(Champ.ex Benth.)Rehd.et Wils.]天然林为研究对象,根据林隙面积(A)划定4个等级(A<50 m~2、50 m~2≤A<100 m~2、100 m~2≤A<150 m~2和150 m~2≤A<200 m~2)的样地,并以非林隙样地为对照,对林隙和非林隙的乔木层、灌木层和灌草层中的物种分布、组成及生长状况进行调查和统计;在此基础上,对林隙和非林隙中主要物种的数量特征和更新响应规律进行比较分析。结果表明:闽粤栲天然林林隙和非林隙的乔木层分别有54和35种植物,共有种28种;灌木层分别有61和37种植物,共有种29种;灌草层分别有72和49种植物,共有种37种。从乔木层和灌木层各种类的重要值及灌草层各种类的密度看,林隙和非林隙中的优势种类均为闽粤栲和木荷(Schima superba Gardn.et Champ.)等,且林隙和非林隙间各优势种类的重要值差异不明显,其中,闽粤栲的重要值和密度均位居第一。从林隙和非林隙间各优势种类的重要值差值看,林隙的主要优势种类(如闽粤栲和木荷等)对林隙更新响应不明显,而其他种类对林隙则有强烈或中等的正、负更新响应,且在不同林层间有差异。从平均更新密度看,林隙面积对各优势树种的更新有一定影响,其中,林隙面积在150~200 m~2时闽粤栲和丝栗栲(Castanopsis fargesii Franch.)的平均更新密度最大,林隙面积在100~150 m~2时米槠[Castanopsis carlesii(Hemsl.)Hay.]、木荷、青冈[Cyclobalanopsis glauca(Thunb.)Oerst.]和黄毛润楠(Machilus chrysotricha H.W.Li)的平均更新密度最大,但在不同面积林隙间各树种的平均更新密度无显著差异(P=0.867)。研究结果说明:在闽粤栲天然林中,对林隙更新响应不明显的种类较易成为林分的优势种或建群种,但林隙面积对树种的更新密度没有明显影响;从林隙到林冠的发育过程中,闽粤栲始终处于该林分的优势地位。
The natural forest of Castanopsis fissa (Champ.ex Benth.) Rehd.et Wils. Was studied in Shunchang County, Fujian Province. According to the gap area (A), four grades (A <50 m ~ 2,50 and 2≤A <100 m ~ 2,100 m ~ 2≤A <150 m ~ 2 and 150 m ~ 2≤A <200 m ~ 2, respectively, In contrast, the distribution, composition and growth status of species in the arbor, shrub layer and shrub layer of gap and non-gap were investigated and statistically analyzed. Based on this, the number of main species in gap and non-gap Characteristics and updated response rules for comparative analysis. The results showed that there were 54 and 35 species of tree species in the gap and non-gap tree layers in the natural forests of Min and Yuechi, respectively, with 28 species in total. There were 61 and 37 species of shrubs in the shrub layer, 29 species in total. 72 and 49 kinds of plants, a total of 37 kinds of species. From the important values of arbors and shrubs and the densities of various species in shrubs and grasslands, the dominant species in gap and non-gap were all Schima superba Gardn.et Champ. Etc., and there is no obvious difference in the important values of dominant species between gap and non-gap. Among them, the important value and density of Fujian and Guangdong are ranked first. From the difference of important values of dominant species in gap and non-gap, the main dominant species in gap (such as Min Yue and Schima superba) had no obvious response to gap regeneration, while other species had gaps Strong or medium positive and negative update response, and there are differences between different forest layers. From the average update density, the gap area has some influence on the regeneration of dominant tree species. Among them, the average update density of Castanopsis fargesii Franch. In the gap area of 150 ~ 200 m ~ 2 is the largest , The average of Castanopsis carlesii (Hemsl.) Hay., Cyclobalanopsis glauca (Thunb.) Oerst. And Machilus chrysotricha HWLi in the range of 100 ~ 150 m ~ The density of regeneration was the highest, but there was no significant difference (P = 0.867) between the average regeneration densities of the species in the gaps of different area. The results showed that in the natural forests of Minyuejiao, the species with less obvious response to gap regeneration were more likely to be dominant species or constructive species, but the gap area had no significant effect on the update density of tree species. To the canopy development process, Fujian and Guangdong Province is always in the dominant position of the stand.