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聚乳酸是广泛应用于3D打印的耗材,针对其强度低及韧性差的力学性能缺陷,研究了一种聚乳酸/纳米二氧化钛复合材料的制备方法。首先以四氯化钛为钛源采用水热法制备纳米二氧化钛,再将纳米二氧化钛与聚乳酸熔融混合挤出制备聚乳酸/纳米二氧化钛复合材料。实验通过改变水热条件得到两种不同形貌纳米二氧化钛,一种是球状结构和棱面结构混合的纳米TiO_2,另一种是单一球状结构的纳米TiO_2。复合材料的力学性能测试结果表明,在相同条件下,混合结构(棱面结构和球状结构)的纳米TiO_2比单一球状结构的纳米TiO_2能更好的提高聚乳酸/纳米二氧化钛复合材料的拉伸强度和断裂伸长率。当纳米TiO_2掺入量为1.5%时,两种复合材料的拉伸强度和断裂伸长率都达到最大值。采用常规的工艺参数,以小音箱为例,将复合材料进行3D打印测试,结果表明,所制备的两种复合材料均能满足3D打印的要求。
Polylactic acid is widely used in 3D printing consumables, for its low strength and poor toughness mechanical properties defects, the preparation of a polylactic acid / nano-titanium dioxide composite material. Firstly, titanium tetrachloride was used as titanium source to prepare nanometer titanium dioxide by hydrothermal method, then nanometer titanium dioxide and polylactic acid were melt mixed and extruded to prepare polylactic acid / nanometer titanium dioxide composite material. Two different morphologies of nano-TiO2 were obtained by changing the hydrothermal conditions. One was nano-TiO2 mixed with spherical structure and facet structure, and the other was nano-TiO2 with single spherical structure. The mechanical properties of the composites show that under the same conditions, the nano-TiO 2 with mixed structure (prismatic structure and spherical structure) can improve the tensile strength of the PLA / nano-TiO 2 composite better than the nano-TiO 2 with single spherical structure And elongation at break. When the nano-TiO 2 content is 1.5%, the tensile strength and elongation at break of both composites reach the maximum. Using the conventional process parameters, a small speaker, for example, the composite 3D printing test results show that the two prepared composite materials can meet the requirements of 3D printing.