凡成熟的种子,在适宜发芽的条件下不能正常发芽或发芽率很低的现象,谓之休眠;直至其能正常发芽时止,谓之休眠期.种子休眠期的长短,对农业生产和育种工作影响很大.我国南方栽培的水稻、油菜等作物,种子休眠期一般都很短或不明显,它们在高温多雨季节成熟后,往往来不及收割或脱粒便发芽,使生产蒙受损失.新疆虽然气候干燥,但玉米、小麦、水稻、油菜和一些瓜菜类的种子,也有在穗上或母株上发芽的现象.很多杂草种子,休眠期长而参差不齐,使得根除这些杂草十分困难.某些作物品种种子休眠期较长,收获后立即播种发芽率很低,甚至不发芽,也给育种和良繁工作增加了困难.因此,研究农作物种子的休眠期具有重要意义.我们从1981年以来,对30多种作物80多个品种种子的休眠期进行了研究. Where mature seeds, germination under conditions suitable for normal germination or germination rate is very low, that sleep; until it can germinate only, that the dormant period of seed dormancy period, the agricultural production and breeding The work of great influence.China’s rice, rape and other crops cultivated in southern China, the seeds are usually very short dormancy or not, they are mature in the hot and rainy season, often too late to harvest or threshing will germinate, so that production losses.Although climate in Xinjiang Dry, but the seeds of corn, wheat, rice, rapeseed and some melons also have germination on the ear or on the mother plant Many weed seeds, which have long and uneven dormant periods, make it very difficult to eradicate these weeds In some crop varieties, the dormancy of seeds is longer, and the germination rate is very low immediately after harvest, even without germination, which also makes it difficult to breed and rehearse the crops.So it is of great significance to study the dormancy period of crop seeds. Since then, more than 80 varieties of more than 30 kinds of crops have been studied.