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目的:观察动物水下冲击伤后主要脏器的形态学变化。方法:采用大体、光镜和电镜的方法观察犬水下冲击伤后肺脏、小肠及心脏的病理变化。结果:损伤动物大体解剖可见明显肺出血、水肿,光镜下可见肺出血、淤血,肺泡腔内有大量的红细胞及纤维蛋白渗出,电镜下可见肺泡壁毛细血管内皮细胞破坏严重,部分线粒体出现空泡变与髓鞘样结构。以出血为主的肠道损伤明显可见。可见少量心肌纤维断裂,心肌细胞肿胀。结论:严重的肺出血、水肿可能是水下冲击伤动物早期死亡的主要原因。动物伤情的严重程度与水下冲击波的正向冲量密切相关。肠道损伤也应引起足够重视。
Objective: To observe the morphological changes of major organs after underwater shock injury. Methods: The pathological changes of lung, small intestine and heart after underwater injury were observed by light microscope and electron microscope. Results: The gross anatomy of injured animals showed obvious pulmonary hemorrhage and edema. Pulmonary hemorrhage and congestion were observed under light microscope. There was a large amount of erythrocyte and fibrin exudation in the alveolar cavity. The damage of endothelial cells in alveolar wall was observed under electron microscope. Some mitochondria appeared Vacuolar change and myelin-like structure. The bleeding-dominated bowel injury is clearly visible. Visible a small amount of myocardial fiber rupture, myocardial cell swelling. Conclusion: Severe pulmonary hemorrhage and edema may be the main reasons for the early death of underwater injured animals. The severity of animal injuries is closely related to the positive impulse of underwater shock wave. Intestinal damage should also be given enough attention.