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2016年是青藏铁路通车10周年,适时回顾和评价青藏铁路给西藏经济社会发展和中央治理西藏带来的影响极具现实意义。本文通过对2006—2015年铁路客货运输数据的分析、进出西藏交通的历史回顾,以及与其他交通方式的比较,得出如下结论:第一,唐朝到民国的诸多历史事件都表明,西藏对外交通干道建设水平直接影响到西藏本身的发展和中央对西藏的治理成效。第二,2006年铁路开通以来,青藏铁路效益显著,改善了进出西藏的时间距离、提升了进出西藏的物质规模等级、促进了旅游发展和文化交流。第三,将来要在已有青藏铁路的基础上进一步积极扩展铁路网,构建适合西藏特点的综合交通运输体系,突出推进铁路网络的区内延伸、内地联通和跨边境铁路的建设与论证。
2016 marks the 10th anniversary of the opening of the Qinghai-Tibet Railway. It is of great practical significance to review and evaluate the impact of the Qinghai-Tibet Railway on Tibet’s economic and social development and the central government’s management of Tibet in due course. Based on the analysis of the railway passenger and freight transport data from 2006 to 2015, the historical review of traffic entering and leaving Tibet and the comparison with other modes of transportation, this paper draws the following conclusions: First, many historical events from the Tang Dynasty to the Republic of China show that Tibet The level of external traffic trunk roads directly affects the development of Tibet itself and the achievements of the Central Government in governing Tibet. Second, since the opening of the railway in 2006, the Qinghai-Tibet Railway has achieved remarkable benefits, improving the time distance from Tibet to Tibet, enhancing the physical scale of access to Tibet and promoting tourism development and cultural exchange. Thirdly, on the basis of the existing Qinghai-Tibet railway, we will further expand the railway network and build an integrated transport system that is suitable for the characteristics of Tibet. We will give prominence to the extension of the railway network in the region, and the construction and demonstration of China Unicom and cross-border railways.