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马克思经济学和西方现代主流经济学都为其理论研究预设了一个参照系,以作为更好地分析和解释现实的标尺。但是,这两类参照系的性质是不同的:马克思经济学的参照系是一种理想状态,体现了事物的本质应该具有现实性和可实现性;西方主流经济学所预设的抽象假设是为了解释的方便,不具有现实性和可实现性。正因如此,两者所起的作用也是不同的:西方主流经济学逐渐蜕变为一种解释性的学科;而马克思经济学则不仅要认识世界还要改造世界。显然,从解决问题这一科学的根本目的来看,马克思经济学的研究路线比西方主流经济学研究方法更全面,所设立的理想状态也更有意义。
Both Marxist economics and modern Western mainstream economics have presupposed a frame of reference for their theoretical studies as a yardstick for better analysis and interpretation of reality. However, the nature of these two types of frame of reference is different: the frame of reference of Marxist economics is an ideal state, which shows that the essence of things should be realistic and achievable; the abstract assumption presupposed by mainstream Western economics is For the convenience of explanation, it is not realistic and achievable. For this reason, the roles played by both are different: the mainstream economics in the West has gradually transformed into an interpretative discipline; and Marxist economics has to understand not only the world but also the world. Obviously, judging from the fundamental purpose of science, the course of Marxist economics is more comprehensive than that of mainstream western economics and the ideals it has created are more meaningful.