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为了研究同轴激光熔覆过程中球形粉末粒子和激光的相互作用,为激光熔覆中激光器和粒子的选择提供一定的理论依据,在进行了一定假设的前提下,应用米氏(Mie)散射理论建立了激光被球形粉末粒子散射的物理模型,应用Mathematica数学软件绘制出了在不同粒子半径和不同激光波长情况下,激光被球形粉末粒子散射后的强度分布图,并对模拟结果进行了分析。研究结果显示:金属粉末粒子的半径和激光的波长是影响激光散射强度分布的重要因素。结果表明:当光学常数q≤30的时候,散射光强在偏离传播方向20°以外还有一个次极大值,且次极大值占总散射光强比例较大,不利于熔池的形成;当光学常数q≥30的时候,散射后的光强主要集中在偏离传播方向5°~6°的小范围内,且在此范围内的散射强度很高,有利于提高激光熔覆效率。
In order to study the interaction between the spherical powder particles and the laser during co-axial laser cladding, we can provide a theoretical basis for laser and particle selection in laser cladding. Under the premise of certain assumptions, Mie scattering The physical model of laser scattering by spherical powder particles is established. The intensity distribution of laser scattering by spherical powder particles at different particle radii and laser wavelengths is plotted by Mathematica mathematical software. The simulation results are also analyzed . The results show that the radius of the metal powder particles and the laser wavelength are the important factors that affect the laser intensity distribution. The results show that when the optical constant q≤30, the intensity of scattered light has a submaximal value at a deviation of 20 ° from the propagation direction, and the submaximal value accounts for a large proportion of the total scattered light intensity, which is unfavorable to the formation of the molten pool When the optical constant q≥30, the intensity of the scattered light is mainly concentrated in a small range of 5 ° ~ 6 ° away from the propagation direction, and the scattering intensity in this range is high, which is beneficial to improve the laser cladding efficiency.