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目前,降冰片烯合成方面的研究报道多为专利且年代跨度大,缺乏较为系统的综述。本文首先介绍了由(双)环戊二烯与乙烯合成降冰片烯的Diels-Alder反应机理,针对乙烯反应活性不足所采取的高压及高温两类补偿措施分别加以评述,并列举了其反应热及常见副反应等。结合高温高压及反应放热量大等特点,系统阐述了相关动力学研究方面的进展情况,为调控反应进程提供参考,以确保安全生产。本文还回顾了降冰片烯合成技术的发展过程,对比了现有液相工艺和气相工艺的优缺点,虽然气相工艺可以有效遏制副反应的发生,但由于气相工艺产量较低,目前实际生产中大多采用液相反应工艺,如何通过设计特殊结构的反应器以提高其混合效果是未来研究的关键所在。
At present, many studies on the synthesis of norbornene are mostly patent and have a long span, and there is no systematic review. In this paper, the Diels-Alder reaction mechanism of norbornene with (cyclo) cyclopentadiene and ethylene was firstly introduced. The compensation measures of high pressure and high temperature for the lack of reactivity of ethylene were reviewed respectively. The reaction heat And common side effects. Combined with the characteristics of high temperature and high pressure and large amount of reaction heat release, the progress of relevant kinetic studies is expatiated systematically to provide reference for the regulation of reaction process to ensure safe production. In this paper, the development of norbornene synthesis technology is reviewed. The advantages and disadvantages of the existing liquid and gas phase processes are compared. Although the gas phase process can effectively suppress the occurrence of side reactions, due to the low production of gas phase process, Most of the liquid phase reaction process, how to design a special structure of the reactor to improve its mixing effect is the key to the future research.