试验表明,水稻、小麦穗分化后,氮、磷、钾及中微量元素养分以适当比例配合施用,比单施氮肥增产,还能提高品质。水稻以19.85.6154(SiO2)2.5(ZnSO4)增产效果最好,比CK增产13.3%,N、K、Si对水稻穗分化后的营养最为重要;小麦以34.5013.52.5(MnSO4)增产效果最好,2年6个点平均增产14.1%,N、K、Mn对小麦幼穗分化后的营养极为重要。文中介绍了8种处理对小麦、水稻产量、质量的影响。 The results showed that after the rice and wheat spike were differentiated, the nutrients of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and trace elements were applied in proper proportions, which could increase the yield and improve the quality of rice and wheat. The yield of rice was the highest with 19.85.6154 (SiO2) 2.5 (ZnSO4), 13.3% higher than that of CK. N, K and Si were the most important nutrients after rice panicle differentiation. The yield of wheat with 34.5013.52.5 (MnSO4) was the best , 6 points averagely increased by 14.1% in 2 years. N, K and Mn were extremely important to the nutrition of wheat spike differentiation. In this paper, the effects of eight treatments on the yield and quality of wheat and rice were introduced.