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古代最具历史地位的、与“黄河—长江文化圈”、“印度河—恒河文化圈”相呼应的“地中海文化圈”,其重心始在西亚两河流域,之后西移希腊,后至罗马。到中世纪,近代意义上的“欧洲”和“西方文化”(欧洲文化)取代“地中海文化圈”的地位。文化类型上具有共同质素的地中海文化分解为:以伊斯兰教为主的阿拉伯文化,与基督教及后起的近代西方文化。“地中海学说”虽已失去其文化类型上的意义,但是“地中海文化圈”的概念有助于我们理解这个地区内文化之间的关系,以及作为一个整体同上述另外两个文化圈的差异;有助于我们解读晚期希腊哲学,历史地评估“欧洲”与“西方文化”,考察“阿拉伯世界”与“西方世界”。
The most ancient historical “Mediterranean cultural circle” echoing the “Yellow River-Yangtze River Culture Circle” and the “Indus-Ganges Culture Circle” has its center of gravity starting from the west-Asian river basin and then westward to Greece, Rome. In the Middle Ages, the “European” and “Western cultures” (European cultures) in the modern sense replaced the “Mediterranean Cultural Circle.” The common cultural quality of Mediterranean culture is broken down into: Islamic culture, Christianity and modern Western culture. Although “Mediterranean Doctrine” has lost its cultural significance, the concept of “Mediterranean Cultural Circle” helps us to understand the relationship between the cultures in the region and the differences between the two cultures as a whole. It helps to interpret the late Greek philosophy, evaluate Europe and Western culture historically, and examine the Arab and Western worlds.